We put the world before you by means of the Bioscope and Urban films (Nov 1903)

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159 Instructions and Precautions to be observed in Operating THE "URBAN" BIOSCOPE CAMERA Load your film Boxes in a dark room by a safe rub)light. Place film roll over spindle after withdrawing wooden spool. Slip end of film under roller inside box, through slot, making certain that emulsion si;le of film is uppermost and faces the lens when run through the camera. Film as supplied is rolled with emulsion on the inner side which should thus protrude from the box in the proper manner. Make certain that film box cover is firmly closed and locked before leaving dark room. To prevent the endof the film from slipping back into the box, it is advisable to make several pleats or accordion folds in the end To Load the Camera place box on the top division, and screw firmly into position. Then thread the camera mechanism as shown in illustration on preceding page not forgetting to leave a loop of about 1J inches between the top and lower sprocket where the film passes through the gate. To open the gate push back the focussing tube, raise the gate spring catch, swing back the gate, clean the pressure glass, turn the handle until the movement pins protrude through their channels, inseit the film over these pins, making certain that the aforementioned tup and bottom loops are equal. Close the gate and push the focussing tube into its proper position. Pass the end of the film over the lower sprocket, making certain that the sprocket pegs engage the perforation accurately. Pass the end under the lower pulley and into the lower film box, when insert end under the brass clip of wooden spool. Turn the handle of the camera one or two revolutions to see that everything is working in order, then close and loelc the lower film box. To Focus. — The most certain manner of focussing is to view the object directly through the back of the film, provided you have a good light sufficient for this purpose. The most satisfactory way, however, is to insert a short piece of Matt surface film (which answers the purpose of ground glass) in the film gate by temporarily removing the sensitised film, which can be pushed outside the closed gate during this operation. Put the focussing tube again into position, remove the metal cap or cartridge from the end of the eyepiece, and rack your lens either backwards or forwards, as may be necessary, until the image in view appears absolutely sharp. You now remove the Matt film, replace the coated film, insert cap in the eyepiece of the focussing tube, and push the latter gently into the camera as far as it will go. Preparing to take the Picture. — While you are focussing you should, at the same time, find your view, and adjust your camera and tripod for position, always keeping in mind that the camera should be in an absolutely level position with tho subject, unless the latter must be taken from an elevation. Now set the film registering dial at Zero, so that knowing the length of film available you will always know how much you have in reserve for various exposures. See that your tripod is firmly fixed into the ground, and that the camera is tightly screwed to the top of the tripod, so as to prevent any oscillation. Immediately before commencing to take the view, judge your light, and arrange your stop diaphragm in lens accordingly. To judge the illumination on the film, you must now glance into the view finder tube fo the right of the lens, by removing the cap, as in the focussing tube, which will assist you to form an estimate of the quality of the light which prevails at the time you are taking your photograph. You must use your individual judgment in this matter, as it is impossible for us to give any definite instructions on this point, it being largely a matter of experience in adjusting the stops for a proper exposure.